Oil Face

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Oil Face
Oil Face
I need an oil free face moisturizer for dry winter skin?


I have a daily moisturizer (neutrogena) that i love, but combined with the harsher than usual winter and my frequent swims in chlorinated pools, there are some spots on my face that are extra dry.

I have an oily skin type, and need a moisturizer that is oil free to prevent breakouts. Does anyone have suggestion(s) of an intense moisturizer I can use to rehydrate my skin?

Hang on there sister, I think you're a little mixed up as oil is GOOD for your face as well as helping to prevent dry skin it will also help you to avoid break-outs. When your skin is dry, particularly from things such as using soaps or washes, this causes skin to produce more oil than normal which clogs pores causing spots.

I would highly recommend you try sticking with your current moisturizer, which you love, but use Oil Cleansing Method (OCM) which will help rehydrate your skin, protect it from further damage and get rid of those spots as it doesn't strip away natural oils so is healthy. Mix half Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) to moisturize and half Castor Oil (CO) to cleanse, change mix as your skin changes, also try adding tea tree oil as it's antibacterial. Massage mix into your face, then put a hot face cloth onto your face for at least 1 minute, this opens up pores letting the oil cleanse. Wipe off oil, any trace amounts of oil are absorbed so skin won't be greasy. http://www.moogoo.com.au/category13_1.htm

You might also want to try a light oil such as Bio Oil http://www.bio-oil.info on your face before swimming, this oil is used for healing scars (again, oil good!) but you can also use it as a moisturizer, and a good one at that. The reason I suggest it specifically before swimming is because as well as rehydrating your skin it will form a barrier to help protect your skin against the drying effects of the chlorinated water - thus no more dry skin and it will reduce your spots too. Other oils would work too, but other oils would be heavy so would make you feel uncomfortable and look oily, where as lighter oils will be absorbed into your face for the most part.

Seriously oil is very good for skin, you're going about this the wrong way as even with oily skin using oil isn't going to make your skin more oily or cause spots, if anything it will prevent your oily skin, spots and dry skin.



Brand NEW!  Clinique Super City Block Oil-free Daily Face Protector SPF 40 15ml Brand NEW! Clinique Super City Block Oil-free Daily Face Protector SPF 40 15ml Paypal US $7.99 11d 3h 23m
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Clinique Super City Block Oil - Free Daily Face Protector SPF40 / 0.5 oz(15 ml) Clinique Super City Block Oil - Free Daily Face Protector SPF40 / 0.5 oz(15 ml) Paypal US $8.00 23d 5h 34m
New ORBIS Sunscreen On Face LIGHT SPF34 PA++ 28ml 100% Oil Cut New ORBIS Sunscreen On Face LIGHT SPF34 PA++ 28ml 100% Oil Cut Paypal US $27.99 7d 53m
Hawaiian Tropic Faces Oil Free Sunblock, SPF 30, 4-Ounce Bottles (Pack of 3) Hawaiian Tropic Faces Oil Free Sunblock, SPF 30, 4-Ounce Bottles (Pack of 3) Paypal US $19.99 29d 19h 21m
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New! 3* Clinique Super City Block Oil-free Daily Face Protector SPF 40 New! 3* Clinique Super City Block Oil-free Daily Face Protector SPF 40 Paypal US $17.99 18d 7h 6m
Shiseido Urban Environment Oil Free UV Protector SPF42 PA +++ For Face 1 oz Shiseido Urban Environment Oil Free UV Protector SPF42 PA +++ For Face 1 oz Paypal US $32.90 9d 22h 26m
New! Clinique Super City Block Oil Free Daily Face Protector SPF 40 .5oz/15ml New! Clinique Super City Block Oil Free Daily Face Protector SPF 40 .5oz/15ml Paypal US $4.79 18d 6h 28m
1 AVEENO CONTINUOUS PROTECTION SUNBLOCK FACE LOTION WaterProof Oil-Free, SPF 100 1 AVEENO CONTINUOUS PROTECTION SUNBLOCK FACE LOTION WaterProof Oil-Free, SPF 100 Paypal US $11.95 16d 15h 36m
CLINIQUE CITY BLOCK SHEER OIL-FREE DAILY FACE PROTECTOR SPF25 SAMPLE CLINIQUE CITY BLOCK SHEER OIL-FREE DAILY FACE PROTECTOR SPF25 SAMPLE Paypal US $12.09 3d 1h 53m
Clinique Super City Sun Block 40 SPF Oil Free Daily Face Protector Sunscreen NIB Clinique Super City Sun Block 40 SPF Oil Free Daily Face Protector Sunscreen NIB Paypal US $5.06 24d 55m
Clinique City Block SPF25 Oil-Free Daily Face Protector Sun Screen 40ml/1.4oz Clinique City Block SPF25 Oil-Free Daily Face Protector Sun Screen 40ml/1.4oz Paypal US $35.62 25d 1h 43m
Korres Walnut Coconut Suntan Oil,Face-Body,SPF10,150ml Korres Walnut Coconut Suntan Oil,Face-Body,SPF10,150ml Paypal US $30.99 22d 13h 56m
Murad Oil Free Tinted Face Sunscreen Pomegranate Matte Murad Oil Free Tinted Face Sunscreen Pomegranate Matte Paypal US $18.04 22d 23h 54m
SUPRE MY BRONZE FACE FACIAL SELF TANNER SUNLESSS TAN TANNING LOTION OIL FREE NEW SUPRE MY BRONZE FACE FACIAL SELF TANNER SUNLESSS TAN TANNING LOTION OIL FREE NEW Paypal US $10.99 23d 2h 39m
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Aveeno Active 50 Face Sunblock Lotion 24x 3oz Oil Free Aveeno Active 50 Face Sunblock Lotion 24x 3oz Oil Free Paypal US $35.00 14d 22h 17m
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(2) HAWAIIAN  TROPIC OIL FREE FACES BRONZING SPF 25 4oz (2) HAWAIIAN TROPIC OIL FREE FACES BRONZING SPF 25 4oz Paypal US $12.99 28d 19h 2m
The Face Shop Clean Face Oil Free Sun Cream SPF35 PA++ The Face Shop Clean Face Oil Free Sun Cream SPF35 PA++ Paypal US $9.45 17d 9h 34m
Shiseido Ultimate Cleansing Oil for face/body 2 x 75ml Shiseido Ultimate Cleansing Oil for face/body 2 x 75ml Paypal US $17.90 21d 12h 43m
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100% Pure Organic ARGAN OIL - Moroccan Gold for Face, Body, Hair, Nails- 4 fl oz 100% Pure Organic ARGAN OIL - Moroccan Gold for Face, Body, Hair, Nails- 4 fl oz Paypal US $24.90 29m
CLINIQUE CITY BLOCK SHEER, OIL-FREE DAILY FACE PROTECTOR,SPF 25, SIZE .24 OZ,NEW CLINIQUE CITY BLOCK SHEER, OIL-FREE DAILY FACE PROTECTOR,SPF 25, SIZE .24 OZ,NEW Paypal 0 Bid US $1.59 48m
100% Pure Organic Moroccan Mogador Argan Oil for Face Body Hair 2oz 60mL. SEALED 100% Pure Organic Moroccan Mogador Argan Oil for Face Body Hair 2oz 60mL. SEALED Paypal 1 Bid US $17.95 59m
CLINIQUE Super City Block 40 SPF Oil-free Daily Face Protector 1.4 oz. NEW CLINIQUE Super City Block 40 SPF Oil-free Daily Face Protector 1.4 oz. NEW Paypal 9 Bids US $15.52 3h 9m
2x100g POND FACE POWDER UV PROTECT OIL& BLEMISH CONTROL 2x100g POND FACE POWDER UV PROTECT OIL& BLEMISH CONTROL Paypal 0 Bid US $9.99 3h 9m
4.5 4.5" WHITE FACE 4-In-1 RPM TACHOMETER WATER + OIL TEMP + OIL PRESSURE GAUGE GA3 Paypal US $63.95 4h 47m
4.5 4.5" WHITE FACE 4-In-1 RPM TACHOMETER WATER + OIL TEMP + OIL PRESSURE GAUGE GA1 Paypal US $63.95 4h 47m
HARLEY OIL TANK DIPSTICK FILLER CAP WHITE FACE W/ TEMPATURE GAUGE XL OR B/T N/R HARLEY OIL TANK DIPSTICK FILLER CAP WHITE FACE W/ TEMPATURE GAUGE XL OR B/T N/R Paypal US $19.99 4h 58m
Jurlique Balancing face oil 50ml Jurlique Balancing face oil 50ml Paypal 0 Bid US $38.99 5h 41m
Moroccan Argan Oil Face Body Cream Day Night Firm Anti Wrinkle Circles Acne SPF Moroccan Argan Oil Face Body Cream Day Night Firm Anti Wrinkle Circles Acne SPF Paypal US $8.99 8h 46m
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Drive Face Oil Seal


Drive Face Oil Seal


$3.31


Drive Face Oil Seal is in stock and ready to ship from TrendTimes.com. Our toy stores sell Drive Face Oil Seal for the best price of $2.47 and personal shoppers are standing by to assist you.

Fabulous Face Oil by Aesop


Fabulous Face Oil by Aesop


$65.99


An intensely hydrating night serum Helps soothe dehydration & coarseness of skin Formulated with ultra nourishing floral extracts Blended with wild Ylang Ylang & precious Jasmine Petal Dissolves thoroughly into skin without oily leftovers Unveils softer & smoother skin in a healthy glow 100% preservative-free Perfect for dry dull or stressed skin To use: Apply on clean face & neck before bed Scent: Original

Face Treatment Oil-Lotus by Clarins


Face Treatment Oil-Lotus by Clarins


$50.99


Helps normalize sebaceous secretions Tightens pores Prevents moisture loss Nourishes and leaves skin supple and soft Apply in the evening to complement Lotus Face Treatment Cream Scent: Original

Oil Control Face Wash by Aramis


Oil Control Face Wash by Aramis


$31.99


Concentrated liquid-to-foam formula Sweeps away dirt impurities & excess oil Reduces shine & eliminates blemishes Gently exfoliates for smoother more radiant skin Suitable for normal to oily skin Scent: Original

Kneipp SensitiveDerm Moisturizing Oil For Face and Body


Kneipp SensitiveDerm Moisturizing Oil For Face and Body


$22


The 100% natural, NaTrue Certified, Kneipp SensitiveDerm Moisturizing Oil is skincare for highly sensitive and allergic skin. This Moisturizing Oil for Face and Body, is especially hydrating and soothing. Formulated with a nourishing combination of natural Sunflower, Vegetable and Jojoba oils, it absorbs quickly and leaves skin feeling soft and smooth. Additionally, Mint extract pleasantly cools and soothes itchy, irritated skin. This moisturizing oil can also be used as a Bath Oil. Dermatologist tested, fragrance free, no nut oils.NaTrue Certified Natural Personal Care . Directions: After shower or bath, apply a thin layer to still damp skin. Gently massage into skin. Do not apply on eye area. This Moisturizing Oil can also be used as a bath oil. Net Weight: 3.4 oz./100 ml

Kohler 1036041-BRZ Oil Rubbed Bronze (BRZ)  Replacement Spray Face 1036041


Kohler 1036041-BRZ Oil Rubbed Bronze (BRZ) Replacement Spray Face 1036041


$117.7


Replacement Spray Face

Kohler 1041573-BRZ Oil Rubbed Bronze (BRZ)  Replacement Spray Face 1041573


Kohler 1041573-BRZ Oil Rubbed Bronze (BRZ) Replacement Spray Face 1041573


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Replacement Spray Face

Woman Applies Creams Made from Oil to a Customer's Face


Woman Applies Creams Made from Oil to a Customer's Face


$39.99


B. Anthony Stewart Woman Applies Creams Made from Oil to a Customer's Face - Photographic Print

Age Rescue Face Lotion ( Oil Free ) by Aramis


Age Rescue Face Lotion ( Oil Free ) by Aramis


$57.99


Lightweight oil free & contains advanced formula Defying wrinkles for a younger resilient looking skin Key ingredients like Retinyl Palminate & green tea helps combat aging Minimizes appearance of skin discolorations redness & broken capillaries Restores skin tone firmness & elasticity Ideal for all skin types To use: Apply to cleansed face & neck after cleansing. Follow with daily moisturizer Scent: Original

Performance White Face Oil Pressure Mechanical Gauge by Equus


Performance White Face Oil Pressure Mechanical Gauge by Equus


$26.99


2-1/16 in. diameter;0 -100 psi / 0 -70 kPa;Aluminum bezel;Includes hardware and adapters for basic installation on most vehicles Performance White Face Oil Pressure Mechanical Gauge by Equus

Oil-Free Sunblock SPF15 Sheer Tint for Face by Murad


Oil-Free Sunblock SPF15 Sheer Tint for Face by Murad


$29.99


An oil-free sunblock for face Moisturizes your skin while absorbing excess oil Contains sodium PCA to combat fine lines & wrinkles Helps matte out shine SPF15 provides power sunscreen protection Perfect for all skin types Scent: Original

Gifts With Humanity HMDBRN218002 Steel Oil Drum Tribal Face Cuff


Gifts With Humanity HMDBRN218002 Steel Oil Drum Tribal Face Cuff


$35.88


This oil drum bracelet is handmade in Haiti. It is 2 1/4 inches Wide. Can be adjusted to fit most wrists. The pieces is embossed and cut by hand with a Tribal Face design.

This Face


This Face


$12.49


This Face

Ultimate Cleansing Oil For Face & Body by Shiseido


Ultimate Cleansing Oil For Face & Body by Shiseido


$28.99


An oil-based cleanser formulated of exclusive ingredients for deep cleansing Effective removes the long-wearing foundation & water-proof sunscreen Mild lightweight & silky in texture. Retains skin natural moisture content Easy to rinse off & leaves no stickiness. Makes skin feel comfortable Helps restore a clear & luminous appearance Dermatologist tested Scent: Original

theBalm TIMEBALM Skincare White Tea Vanilla Oil-Absorbing Face Moisturizer


theBalm TIMEBALM Skincare White Tea Vanilla Oil-Absorbing Face Moisturizer


$34


Vanilla Oil-Absorbing Face Moisturizer is a lightweight, oil-free formula with special oil absorbing properties that will help to control shine for hours on end.  Directions: For Normal to Oily Skin Types. Apply morning and night after using your favorite TimeBalm cleanser and toner. Net Weight: 45 ml/1.52 oz. Ingredients: Water (Aqua), Isocetyl Stearate, Glycerin, Steareth 21, Styrene/DVB Crosspolymer, Cetyl Alcohol, Ceteareth 20, Cetearyl Alcohol, Squalane, Phenoxyethanol, Caprylyl Glycol, Allantoin, Disodium EDTA, Ethylhexylglycerin, Hexylene Glycol, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Vanilla Planifolia Fruit Extract, Fragrance (Parfum)

Lab Series - Lab Series Oil Control Face Wash (No Color) - Beauty


Lab Series - Lab Series Oil Control Face Wash (No Color) - Beauty


$21


Zappos.com is proud to offer the Lab Series - Lab Series Oil Control Face Wash (No Color) - Beauty: Blast through oil and get the healthy complexion every man deserves with this Lab Series face wash. ; Harnessing the powerful ingredient of salicylic acid, this liquid-to-foam face wash cleanses the skin of dirt, pollution and excess oil. ; It gently exfoliates for a smoother, clearer appearance. ; Non-acnegenic. ; Formulated for oily or acne-prone skin types. ; To use: Morning and night, pump 1-2 times onto fingertips and apply in circular motions onto we wet face. ; Listed ingredients: Water, Glycerin, Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Butylene Glycol, Sucrose, Gentiana Lutea Extract, Laminaria Sacchariana (Algae) Extract, Algae (Seaweed) Extract, PEG/PPG 18/18 Dimethicone, Caffeine, Anthemis Nobilis (Roman Chamomile) Flower Extract (Chamomile), Salicylic Acid, Arginine Cocoate, PPG 6 Decyltetradeceth 30, Polyquaternium 7, Sodium Hyaluronate, Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) (Peppermint), D- C12-18 Alkyl Dimonium Chloride, Disodium Phosphate, Sodium Salicylate, Sodium Citrate, Phenoxyethanol, Chloroxylenol ; Capacity: 4.2 oz

theBalm TIMEBALM Skincare White Tea Juniper Oil-Free Face Moisturizer


theBalm TIMEBALM Skincare White Tea Juniper Oil-Free Face Moisturizer


$34


Juniper Oil-Free Face Moisturizer has a wonderful light-weight texture and is perfect for any one who prefers to live an oil-free lifestyle!  Directions: For Normal to Combination Skin: Apply to face and neck twice daily, after using your favorite TimeBalm Cleansing routine. Net Weight: 50 ml/1.7 oz. Ingredients: Water (Aqua), Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, Butylene Glycol, Polysorbate 60, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Glycerin, Hexyl Laurate, Sorbitan Stearate, Cetearyl Alcohol, Palmitic Acid, Stearyl Alcohol, Sodium PCA, Squalane, Panthenol, Sodium Hyaluronate, Dimethicone, Phenoxyethanol, Tocopheryl Linoleate, Caprylyl Glycol, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Ethylhexylglycerin, Hexylene Glycol, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Juniperus Communis Fruit Extract, Alanine, Aspartic Acid, Dextrin, Fructose, Glucose, Glutamic Acid, Hexyl Nicotinate, Sucrose, Urea

Leonor Greyl Huile de Magnolia (Oil for body & face)


Leonor Greyl Huile de Magnolia (Oil for body & face)


$50


Beauty oil for the face and the body.The drying action caused by sun bathing is neutralized.The skin stays silky, soft, comfortable to the touch, and delicately perfumed. The association of a delicate perfume of the Magnolia flower, together with fine oils, light and marvelously soft to the touch, Magnolia is the product for natural beauty. Soft and silky smooth to the skin, it prevents drying, diminishes the effects of sunburns, and permits the skin to maintain it’s bronze tan longer. How to use: Use Leonor Greyl Huile de Magnolia (Oil for body & face) in very small amount. Massage slightly for the best possible penetration of the skin. Net Weight: 3.2 oz. Ingredients: Vegetal oils rich in vitamins: - Pro-vitamins - Carotenoides - Esters


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Himalaya Herbals Oil Balancing Face Wash Gel


Untapped: the Scramble for Africa's Oil

The following is an excerpt from the book Untapped

by John Ghazvinian

Published by Harcourt, Inc.; April 2007;$25.00US; 978-0-15-101138-4

Copyright © 2007 John Ghazvinian

Since 1990 alone, the petroleum industry has invested more than $20 billion in exploration and production activity in Africa . A further $50 billion will be spent between now and the end of the decade, the largest investment in the continent's history -- and around one-third of it will come from the United States . Three of the world's largest oil companies -- the British-Dutch consortium Shell, France's Total, and America's Chevron -- are spending 15 percent, 30 percent, and 35 percent respectively of their global exploration and production budgets in Africa. Chevron alone is in the process of rolling out $20 billion in African projects over a five-year period.

The overwhelming majority of this new drilling activity has taken place in the so-called "deep water" and the "ultradeep" of the Gulf of Guinea , the roughly 90-degree bend along the west coast of Africa that can best be visualized as the continent's "armpit." Its littoral zone passes through the territorial waters of a dozen countries, from Ivory Coast in the northwest down to Angola in the south, and a good deal of its geology shares the characteristics that have made Nigeria a prolific producer for decades. Indeed, a number of unexpectedly productive fields have been discovered in the Gulf over the past decade. But although the Gulf of Guinea has lately been sub-Saharan Africa 's most exciting region for the oil industry, it is hardly the only "prospective" part of the continent (to borrow the industry term). The parched semideserts of southern Chad and southern Sudan have recently added hundreds of thousands of barrels a day to global markets, and a growing chorus of voices is now touting the East African margin as the industry's "next big thing."

But be it east or west, jungle or desert, it is a safe bet that where the drillers go, the politicians, strategists, and lobbyists are not far behind. Washington in particular has taken a keen interest in Africa 's growing significance as an oil-producing region since the headline discoveries of the late 1990s. In December 2000 the National Intelligence Council, an internal CIA think tank, published a report in which it declared unambiguously that sub-Saharan Africa "will play an increasing role in global energy markets," and predicted that the region would provide 25 percent of North American oil imports by 2015, up from the 15 percent or so at the time. (This would put Africa well ahead of Saudi Arabia as a source of oil for the United States .) In May 2001 a controversial and fairly secretive energy task force put together by U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney declared in its report: " West Africa is expected to be one of the fastest-growing sources of oil and gas for the American market."

In the following months, a group of congressmen, lobbyists, and defense strategists came together under the umbrella of the African Oil Policy Initiative Group, and began preaching the message that the Gulf of Guinea was the new Persian Gulf, and that it should become a strategic priority for the United States, even to the point of requiring an expanded military presence. A series of well-placed articles in the American media followed, some breathlessly announcing the inauguration of a new Middle East off the shores of Africa . Before long, the influential Center for Strategic and International Studies had chimed in with a couple of reports, its most recent, in July 2005, claiming that "an exceptional mix of U.S. interests is at play in West Africa's Gulf of Guinea ."

During these years, a number of prominent lawmakers in Washington began getting excited about the possibility of shifting some of America 's oil dependence from the Middle East to Africa . One former senior official charged with African affairs recalls Kansas Senator Sam Brownback rushing up to him one afternoon in October 2002, positively glowing with excitement. "What do you think about bases in Africa ?" Brownback asked. "Wouldn't that be great?"

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

But does Africa measure up to the hype? After all, the entire continent is believed to contain, at best, 10 percent of the world's proven oil reserves, making it a minnow swimming in an ocean of seasoned sharks. Africa is unlikely ever to "replace" the Middle East or any other major oil-producing region. So why the song and dance? Why all the goose bumps? Why do so many influential people in Washington let themselves get so carried away when they talk about African oil?

The answer has very little to do with geology. Africa 's significance as an oil "play," to borrow the industry lingo, lies beyond the number of barrels that may or may not be buried under its cretaceous rock. Instead, what makes the African oil boom interesting to energy security strategists in both Washington and Europe (and, increasingly, Beijing ) is a series of serendipitous and unrelated factors that, together, tell a story of unfolding opportunity.

To begin with, one of the more attractive attributes of Africa 's oil boom is the quality of the oil itself. The variety of crude found in the Gulf of Guinea is known in industry parlance as "light" and "sweet," meaning it is viscous and low in sulfur, and therefore easier and cheaper to refine than, say, Middle Eastern crude, which tends to be lacking in lower hydrocarbons and is therefore very "sticky." This is particularly appealing to American and European refineries, which have to contend with strict environmental regulations that make it difficult to refine heavier and sourer varieties of crude without running up costs that make the entire proposition worthless.

Then there is the geographic accident of Africa 's being almost entirely surrounded by water, which significantly cuts transport-related costs and risks. The Gulf of Guinea , in particular, is well positioned to allow speedy transport to the major trading ports of Europe and North America . Existing sea-lanes can be used for quick, cheap delivery, so there is no need to worry about the Suez Canal , for instance, or to build expensive pipelines through unpredictable countries. This may seem a minor point, until you look at Central Asia, where the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline, stretching from Azerbaijan through Georgia and into Turkey , and intended to deliver Caspian crude into the Mediterranean, had to navigate a minefield of Middle East politics, antiglobalization protests, and red tape before it could be opened. African oil faces none of those issues. It is simply loaded onto a tanker at the point of production and begins its smooth, unmolested journey on the high seas, arriving just days later in Shreveport , Southampton, or Le Havre .

A third advantage, from the perspective of the oil companies, is that Africa offers a tremendously favorable contractual environment. Unlike in, say, Saudi Arabia, where the state-owned oil company Saudi Aramco has a monopoly on the exploration, production, and distribution of the country's crude oil, most sub-Saharan African countries operate on the basis of so-called production-sharing agreements, or PSAs. In these arrangements, a foreign oil company is awarded a license to look for petroleum on the condition that it assume the up-front costs of exploration and production. If oil is discovered in that block, the oil company will share the revenues with the host government, but only after its initial costs have been recouped. PSAs are generally offered to impoverished countries that would never be able to amass either the technical expertise or the billions in capital investment required to drill for oil themselves. For the oil company, a relatively small up-front investment can quickly turn into untold billions in profits.

Yet another strategic benefit, particularly from the perspective of American politicians, is that, until recently, with the exception of Nigeria , none of the oil-producing countries of sub-Saharan Africa had belonged to the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Thus they have not been subject to the strict limits on output OPEC imposes on its members in an attempt to keep the price of oil artificially high. The more non-OPEC oil that comes onto the global market, the more difficult it becomes for OPEC countries to sell their crude at high prices, and the lower the overall price of oil. Put more simply, if new reserves are discovered in Venezuela , they have very little effect on the price of oil because Venezuela 's OPEC commitments will not allow it to increase its output very much. But if new reserves are discovered in Gabon , it means more cheap oil for everybody.

But probably the most attractive of all the attributes of Africa's oil boom, for Western governments and oil companies alike, is that virtually all the big discoveries of recent years have been made offshore, in deepwater reserves that are often many miles from populated land. This means that even if a civil war or violent insurrection breaks out onshore (always a concern in Africa ), the oil companies can continue to pump out oil with little likelihood of sabotage, banditry, or nationalist fervor getting in the way. Given the hundreds of thousands of barrels of Nigerian crude that are lost every year as a result of fighting, community protests, and organized crime, this is something the industry gets rather excited about.

Finally, there is the sheer speed of growth in African oil production, and the fact that Africa is one of the world's last underexplored regions. In a world used to hearing that there are no more big oil discoveries out there, and few truly untapped reserves to look forward to, the ferocious pace and scale of Africa 's oil boom has proved a bracing tonic. One-third of the world's new oil discoveries since the year 2000 have taken place in Africa . Of the 8 billion barrels of new oil reserves discovered in 2001, 7 billion were found there. In the years between 2005 and 2010, 20 percent of the world's new production capacity is expected to come from Africa . And there is now an almost contagious feeling in the oil industry that no one really knows just how much oil might be there, since no one's ever really bothered to check.

All these factors add up to a convincing value proposition: African oil is cheaper, safer, and more accessible than its competitors, and there seems to be more of it every day. And, though Africa may not be able to compete with the Persian Gulf at the level of proven reserves, it has just enough up its sleeve to make it a potential "swing" region -- an oil province that can kick in just enough production to keep markets calm when supplies elsewhere in the world are unpredictable. Diversification of the oil supply has been a goal -- even an obsession -- in the United States since the Arab oil embargo of the 1970s. Successive U.S. administrations have understood that if the world is overly reliant on two or three hot spots for its energy security, there is a greater risk of supply disruptions and price volatility. And for obvious reasons, the effort to distribute America 's energy-security portfolio across multiple nodes has taken on a new urgency since September 11, 2001. In his State of the Union address in January 2006, President Bush said he wanted to reduce America 's dependence on Middle East crude by 75 percent by 2025.

Copyright © 2007 John Ghazvinian

About the Author

John Ghazvinian has a doctorate in history from Oxford. He has written for Newsweek, the Nation, Time Out New York, and other publications. Born in Iran and raised in London and Los Angeles, he currently lives in Philadelphia, where he is a visiting fellow at the University of Pennsylvania.

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